
About
.
Michael Brenes is Co-Director of the Brady-Johnson Program in Grand Strategy and Senior Lecturer in Global Affairs at Yale University. His research interests include United States foreign policy, political history, and political economy. He is the author of For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy, published by University of Massachusetts Press, and the co-editor (with Daniel Bessner) of Rethinking U.S. Power: Domestic Histories of U.S. Foreign Relations, published by Palgrave MacMillan in March 2024. His most recent book, The Rivalry Peril: How Great-Power Competition Threatens Peace and Weakens Democracy (co-authored with Van Jackson), was published by Yale University Press in January 2025.
In addition to "Studies in Grand Strategy," he teaches courses in American military, political, and diplomatic history at Yale. Recent course offerings have included "The United States and the War on Terror," "America's Wars: From Reconstruction to the Present," and "Pandemics, Protests, and Power: A History of 2020."
His writing has been published in The New York Times, The New Republic, Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, Politico, The Nation, Dissent, The Baffler, The American Prospect, and The Chronicle of Higher Education. His writing can also be found on his Substack, "Warfare and Welfare."
He is currently writing a history of the War and Terror from the presidency of Bill Clinton to the present, to be published by Grove Atlantic.
Books
Rethinking U.S. Power: Domestic Histories of U.S. Foreign Relations (co-edited with Daniel Bessner)
Since the late-1990s, diplomatic historians have emphasized the importance of international and transnational processes, flows, and events to the history of the United States in the world. Rethinking U.S. World Power provides an alternative to these scholarly frameworks by assembling a diverse group of historians to explore the impact of the United States and its domestic history on U.S. foreign relations and world affairs. In so doing, the collection underlines that, even in a global age, domestic politics and phenomena were crucial to the history of U.S. foreign policy and international relations more broadly.

For Might and Right: Cold War Defense Spending and the Remaking of American Democracy
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University of Massachusetts Press
How did the global Cold War influence American politics at home? For Might and Right traces the story of how Cold War defense spending remade participatory politics, producing a powerful and dynamic political coalition that reached across party lines. This “Cold War coalition” favored massive defense spending over social welfare programs, bringing together a diverse array of actors from across the nation, including defense workers, community boosters, military contractors, current and retired members of the armed services, activists, and politicians. Faced with neoliberal austerity and uncertainty surrounding America's foreign policy after the 1960s, increased military spending became a bipartisan solution to create jobs and stimulate economic growth, even in the absence of national security threats.
Using a rich array of archival sources, Michael Brenes draws important connections between economic inequality and American militarism that enhance our understanding of the Cold War's continued impact on American democracy and the resilience of the military-industrial complex, up to the age of Donald Trump.Praise for For Might and Right
"Michael Brenes's remarkable and original study of the material life of anticommunism shows how deeply it reshaped not only ideological commitments but the daily economic experiences of millions of Americans. A beautifully researched and powerfully argued work of history, For Might and Right transforms our understanding of the Cold War."—Kim Phillips-Fein, author of Fear City: New York's Fiscal Crisis and the Rise of Austerity Politics
"Brenes has significantly added to our understanding of the political economy of the Cold War and the reshaping of American values from the New Deal to the contemporary moment. A truly engrossing and important story told with depth and skill."—Mitchell B. Lerner, author of The Pueblo Incident: A Spy Ship and the Failure of American Foreign Policy
"For Might and Right will appeal not only to Cold War scholars but to anyone interested in the history of twentieth-century politics, liberalism or conservatism, and the history of U.S. foreign policy. A must-read."—Michael Koncewicz, author of They Said No to Nixon: Republicans Who Stood Up to the President's Abuses of Power
"The book makes a valuable contribution to the political history of defense spending during the Cold War and especially to understandings of how various interest groups sought to harness defense spending for their own economic and ideological purposes."―H-Diplo
"Brenes’ research provides a fast-paced, enjoyable introduction to a crucial period in American economic, political, and military history. It also raises further questions that are worth investigating by political scientists and historians alike."―International Journal
"Michael Brenes has written an intriguing and thought-provoking work . . . For Might and Right is a unique blend of political history, class history, and domestic Cold War history that explains the evolution of the 'Cold War coalition' and its transformative effect on the United States during the Cold War and into the 1990s."—Journal of American History
"For Might and Right enhances our understanding of the American political economy of defence spending in the Cold War and beyond . . . This book is also a welcome addition to the literature on the rise of the American Right, and should interest an audience as diverse as the ‘Cold War coalition’ itself."—Diplomacy and Statecraft
"For Might and Right....offers a rich contribution to the study of the Cold War’s consequences in the realm of domestic political economy." —Diplomatic History

The Rivalry Peril: How Great-Power Competition Threatens Peace and Weakens Democracy
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Yale University Press
For close to a decade, the U.S. government has been preoccupied with the threat of China, fearing that the country will “eat our lunch,” in the words of Joe Biden. The United States has crafted its foreign and domestic policy to help constrain China’s military power and economic growth. Van Jackson and Michael Brenes argue that great-power competition with China is misguided and vastly underestimates the costs and risks that geopolitical rivalry poses to economic prosperity, the quality of democracy, and, ultimately, global stability.
This in-depth assessment of the trade-offs and pitfalls of protracted competition with China reveals how such a policy exacerbates inequality, leads to xenophobia, and increases the likelihood of violence around the world. In addition, it distracts from the priority of addressing such issues as climate change while at the same time undercutting democratic pluralism and sacrificing liberty in the name of prevailing against an enemy “other.” Jackson and Brenes provide an informed and urgent critique of current U.S. foreign policy and a road map toward a saner, more democratically accountable strategy of easing tension and achieving effective diplomacy.Praise for The Rivalry Peril
“A compelling critique of current US foreign policy positions toward China. . . . While written before Trump resumed office, [it] helps explain the chaos and uncertainty he has generated in his Imperial and Autocratic Presidency.”—Kevin Clements, Peace & Change
“[An] engaging book.”—Journal of Peace Research
“The speed with which ‘great power competition’ with China has become the new obsession in Washington foreign policy circles is both amazing and alarming. Jackson and Brenes perform a service by slamming the brakes on that, showing with rigor and clarity that the logic of strategic competition won’t lead us to greater global security and prosperity, but to more conflict and insecurity.”—Matt Duss, executive vice president, Center for International Policy, and former foreign policy adviser to Senator Bernie Sanders
“The Rivalry Peril is an original book, essential for everyone to read who is interested in U.S.-China relations and the U.S. position in the world. Deeply researched and well written, this is an important book that directly challenges the conventional wisdom in America’s foreign policy establishment.”—David C. Kang, University of Southern California
“‘Winning the competition with China should unite all of us,’ President Biden told the nation. But it won’t, Michael Brenes and Van Jackson argue in this powerful book. Rivalry with China, they contend, has already failed to heal America’s divisions and promises to widen them further, while giving China reasons to act more aggressively, not less, on the world stage. You won’t look at U.S.-China rivalry the same way again.”—Stephen Wertheim, author of Tomorrow, the World: The Birth of U.S. Global SupremacySelect Articles and Op-Eds
Trump’s unpredictability weakens America; his successor should prioritize multilateral engagement over competition with China
Stimson Center, New Visions for Grand Strategy Project,
September 15, 2025
The Cycles of American History foresaw American voter dealignment, and an electronic age that would see voters prioritize personality over party—but it didn’t anticipate Trump.
The New Republic, July 11, 2025
"Trump and the New Age of Nationalism" (co-authored with Van Jackson)
A Dangerous Combination for America and the World
Foreign Affairs, January 28, 2025
"Private Finance and the Quest to Remake Modern Warfare" (co-authored with William Hartung)
This brief offers policymakers a framework for ensuring that unsupported promises to “reinvent” warfare don’t exacerbate the cycle of corruption and waste that has all too often plagued the Pentagon’s procurement process, to the detriment of our safety and security.
Quincy Brief. no 57, June 4, 2024
Privatization and the Hollowing Out of the U.S. Defense Industry
Foreign Affairs, July 3, 2023
The daunting task of Ukrainian reconstruction demands new frameworks for humanitarian assistance and development.development.
Boston Review, April 25, 2023
A retrospective on the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq
Contingent Magazine, March 20, 2023
Rivalry with China and Russia reinforces the real causes of American decline.
Foreign Affairs, July 14, 2022
Review of Francis Fukuyama's book Liberalism and its Discontents
The Baffler, June 27, 2022
Review of Samuel Moyn's book Humane: How the United States Abandoned Peace and Reinvented War.
Tocqueville 21, September 7, 2021
"How Biden can Reinvest in America While Avoiding a New Cold War" (co-authored with Michael Franczak)
.Competition with China doesn’t have to mean ‘we win, they lose.’
Responsible Statecraft, July 8, 2021
A century of failed liberal attempts at policing reform in Minneapolis supports the view that none of the city council’s current proposals will prevent there from being another George Floyd.
Boston Review, April 26, 2021
"Legacies of Cold War Liberalism" (co-authored with Daniel Steinmetz-Jenkins)
See the response by Kevin Mattson to our essay here.
Read our reply to Mattson here.
To promote democratic and egalitarian ideals today, we need to break with the anxieties that drove U.S. politics during the Cold War.
Dissent, Winter 2021 edition (print)
Any attempt to revive solidarity between rich and poor nations must begin by recapturing the commitment to social and economic rights on which the WHO was founded.
Boston Review, May 4, 2020
Cutting dysfunctional programs offers a start to ending American primacy.
Foreign Policy, February 11, 2020
It’s not a pipe dream.
The Nation, February 26, 2019
How liberals, over decades, worked to undermine a proposal that has long enjoyed public support
The New Republic, May 11, 2018
If he had won in 1968, the Vietnam War would have ended sooner, and America would be a much different place today.
The New York Times, March 23, 2018
Recent Talks and Events
September 25, 2025
The Buckley Institute presents a Firing Line Debate, "Global Order Needs U.S. Power.” Professor Hal Brands, American Enterprise Institute Senior Fellow and Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies will be in the affirmative. Michael Brenes, Yale University Lecturer in History and Co-Director of the Brady-Johnson Program in Grand Strategy will take the negative.
America’s self-image and its understanding of its role and responsibility on the international stage has been in flux in recent years. The War in Iraq left Americans of all ages questioning when and how the U.S. should get involved in international politics militarily, economically, and diplomatically. That shift, a change from post-Cold War American dominance, has crossed party lines, with politicians on both side of the aisle hewing toward a more cautious, internally focused view of America’s role in the word. Brands and Brenes will explore this question and go point by point on their views of the value of U.S. power around the globe.
Thursday, May 8, 2025
How the U.S. policy of competition with China is detrimental to democracy, peace, and prosperity—and how a saner approach is possible
For close to a decade, the U.S. government has been preoccupied with the threat of China, fearing that the country will “eat our lunch,” in the words of Joe Biden. The United States has crafted its foreign and domestic policy to help constrain China’s military power and economic growth. Van Jackson and Michael Brenes argue that great-power competition with China is misguided and vastly underestimates the costs and risks that geopolitical rivalry poses to economic prosperity, the quality of democracy, and, ultimately, global stability.
This in-depth assessment of the trade-offs and pitfalls of protracted competition with China reveals how such a policy exacerbates inequality, leads to xenophobia, and increases the likelihood of violence around the world. In addition, it distracts from the priority of addressing such issues as climate change while at the same time undercutting democratic pluralism and sacrificing liberty in the name of prevailing against an enemy “other.” Jackson and Brenes provide an informed and urgent critique of current U.S. foreign policy and a road map toward a saner, more democratically accountable strategy of easing tension and achieving effective diplomacy.Recent Media Appearances
September 24, 2025
June 29, 2025
May 28, 2025
March 13, 2025
February 24, 2025
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